1 - AC Rectifier
1.1 - The source of the electronic circuit.
In the electronic circuit devices such as Radio -Cassette, Amlpy, color television, DVD & VCD v v ... we use DC power at different voltage levels, but outside of the equipment plugged zig this being plugged directly into 220V 50Hz AC power source, so the electronic devices need a department to convert from AC to DC voltage supply to the circuit on, switch parts include including:
2 - Circuit filtering and multiple voltage rectifier
2.1 - The circuit filter capacitor used.
After the rectifier voltage obtained an undulating way, without the filter capacitor voltage is less undulating be used in electronic circuits, so in the source circuit, the capacitor must be fitted with filters μF value from several hundred to several thousand μF diode bridge rectifiers in later.
3.1 - Fixed voltage regulator circuit using Zener diode.
4 - linear voltage regulator circuit (with feedback)
4.1 - Block diagram of the voltage regulator circuit with feedback.
1.1 - The source of the electronic circuit.
In the electronic circuit devices such as Radio -Cassette, Amlpy, color television, DVD & VCD v v ... we use DC power at different voltage levels, but outside of the equipment plugged zig this being plugged directly into 220V 50Hz AC power source, so the electronic devices need a department to convert from AC to DC voltage supply to the circuit on, switch parts include including:
- Transformer source: Low voltage from 220V down to the lower voltage as 6V, 9V, 12V, 24V etc ...
- Rectifier: Change the AC power into DC.
- Ac ripple filter circuit after filtering for DC power rectifier flatter.
- Voltage regulator circuit: Keep a constant voltage supply to the load consumption
General diagram of the power supply circuit.
1.2 - Rectifier sell cycle.
Rectifier selling cycle using a diode in series with the load
consumption, in a positive cycle => diode is biased so that an
electric current passes through the diode and passing loads, in the
negative cycle, Diode broken reverse pole so no current through the
load.
Format output voltage of the rectifier circuit selling cycle.
1.3 Rectifier cycle
Cycle Rectifier Diode getting used 4 spherical (also called bridge rectifier) as shown below.
Rectifier whole cycle.
- On the positive cycle (the line above the ocean, below negative) current through the diode D1 => via Rtai => through the first diode D4 of chords
- On the negative cycle, the voltage on the secondary coil reversal (negative end of the line above, below ocean) current through D2 => via Rtai => through D3 of the line sound.
- Thus both cycles are current flows through the load.
2 - Circuit filtering and multiple voltage rectifier
2.1 - The circuit filter capacitor used.
After the rectifier voltage obtained an undulating way, without the filter capacitor voltage is less undulating be used in electronic circuits, so in the source circuit, the capacitor must be fitted with filters μF value from several hundred to several thousand μF diode bridge rectifiers in later.
DC voltage types of rectifier in two cases there is no convergence and convergence
- The diagram above illustrates the power circuit case with no filter capacitor and filter capacitor.
- When the switch K open, rectifier filter capacitor not participate, so the voltage gain undulating form.
- When the switch K closed, rectifier filter capacitor C1 participate source, resulting filtered output voltage is relatively flat, if capacitor C1 larger capacitance at the output voltage as flat, capacitor C1 in the number of sources often have several thousand μF.
Illustration: Electric Usage of filter capacitor greater the output voltage as flat.
- In the rectifier circuit, if there is no filter capacitor load or load an export consumption is negligible compared with the output voltage of the DC transformer gained as DC = 1,4.AC
2.2 - Rectifier's 2.
Rectifier circuit diagram human resources 2
- To become human rectifier 2 we must use two of the same value capacitors connected in series, then the first game of voltage 1 pm on the point between the two centered on convergence => voltage we get 2x.
- In the above circuit, when the switch K open, rectifier circuit return normal form.
- When the switch K is closed, the circuit became human rectifier 2, and as a result we obtain the output voltage 2-fold increase.
3 - fixed voltage regulator circuit
3.1 - Fixed voltage regulator circuit using Zener diode.
. 
33V voltage regulator circuit to create a fixed voltage supply circuit in TV tuner color
- Since no fixed 110V through current limiting resistor R1 and gim on Dz 33V to remove a fixed voltage detection circuit provides channel
- When designing a voltage regulator circuit as above should be calculated resistor limits the current flow so that the maximum backward through to smaller Dz Dz withstand currents that flow through Dz is maximal when the current through R2 = 0
- As the diagram above, the maximum current through voltage drop on R1 Dz by dividing the value of R1, this is called electric current I1 have
I1 = (110-33) / 7500 = 77/7500 ~ 10mA
Normally we should reverse flow through ≤ 25 mA Dz
3.2 - Fixed voltage regulator circuit uses transistors, voltage regulator IC.
Zener diode voltage regulator circuit uses as above has the advantage
of simplicity but the drawback is the small electric current (≤ 20mA). To
can generate a fixed voltage electric current but more powerful people get more transistors to amplify the flow diagram below.
can generate a fixed voltage electric current but more powerful people get more transistors to amplify the flow diagram below.
Transistor voltage regulator circuit with amplifier
- In the circuit on the voltage at point A can be changed and also the AC ripple voltage at point B but not change and relatively flat.
- Stabilizers principle: Through resistor R1 and fixed gim Dz voltage of transistors Q1 leg B, assuming the voltage pins
E Lamp Q1 reduction => meanwhile increased voltage U BE => line through Q1 increases light => make the lamp voltage E foot rise, and vice versa ... - Voltage regulator circuit on simple and effective should be used very broad permissive and it has been producing various kinds .. LA78 IC them to replace the voltage regulator circuit above, LA78 IC .. there as part schematic circuit blue color of the diagram above.
They LA78 IC voltage regulator voltage regulator IC LA7805 ..
- 5V voltage regulator IC LA7805
- LA7808 IC Voltage Regulator 8V
- 9V voltage regulator IC LA7809
- 12V voltage regulator IC LA7812
Note:
They IC78 .. only consumes about 1A line downwards, when assembled, the U IC in printed circuit> Uout from 3 to 5V while the new IC to take effect.
They IC78 .. only consumes about 1A line downwards, when assembled, the U IC in printed circuit> Uout from 3 to 5V while the new IC to take effect.
3.3 - Application of voltage regulator ICs them 78 ..
Voltage regulator IC 78 .. they are widely used in the power supply, as the first power unit of VCD, the color TV, computer ...
Applications LA7805 and LA7808 IC voltage regulator in the power supply VCD
4 - linear voltage regulator circuit (with feedback)
4.1 - Block diagram of the voltage regulator circuit with feedback.
Block diagram of the voltage regulator circuit with feedback.
* Some characteristics of the voltage regulator circuit with feedback:
- DC voltage supply at a constant output voltage in either case input changes or load current consumption of change, but this change must be limited.
- DC voltage for high-quality output, reduce AC ripple phenomenon.
* The principle of operation of the circuit.
- Sampling circuit will monitor the output voltage through a potentiometer bridge created (Ulm: voltage sampling)
- You create pressure circuit => gim fetch a fixed voltage (Uc: Pressure Standard)
- Compare circuit compares two sampling voltage Uc Ulm and pressure to form the standard control voltage.
- Correcting amplifiers will amplify pressure control, then brought to adjust the operation of the output light in the opposite direction, if the output voltage increases => via the feedback circuit adjusting => led lamp production reduction => output voltage drops. Conversely, if the output voltage reduction => via the feedback circuit adjusting => lamp capacity increase leads => and the output voltage increases = >> result the output voltage does not change.
4.2 - Analysis of the feedback circuit can source in Black and White Samsung Televisions
Input voltage ripple while AC The output voltage level
Linear voltage regulator circuit television in black and white Samsung.
* Significance of components on the diagram.
- Filter capacitor 2200μF capacitor is the main source, filter after the rectifier voltage 18V, this is also the input voltage of the voltage regulator circuit, the voltage can be increased by approximately 15% reduction.
- Q1 is the output light source of the electric current to the load, the output voltage of the voltage regulator taken from the leg opening C lamp Q1 and 12V fixed value.
- R1 is becoming big feces found ghanh line capacity to share part of the current passing through the light output.
- Bridge potentiometer R5, R6 VR1 and created pressure on the leg B sample taken Q2 lamp.
- Zener diode Dz and R4 create a standard fixed voltage than the output voltage.
- Q2 are compared and amplified lamp voltage deviation => brought to control the operation of the output light Q1.
- R3 contact between Q1 and Q2, R2 potentiometer for Q1
* Principle of operation.
- The output voltage will tend to change when input voltage change, or change current consumption.
- Suppose: When voltage on increasing => output voltage increase => E leg lamp voltage increases more Q2 leg B (due to Dz gim
E leg lamp from Q2 to Ura, only longer take part Ura Ulm) so U BE reduction => Q2 led lamp fell => Q1 led lamp fell => output voltage drops. Similarly when Uvao reduction through adjusting circuit => Ura we again gained increased. Time of feedback loop adjust very quickly a few μ seconds and output filter capacitors are eliminated, without affecting the quality of DC voltage => resulting output voltage is relatively flat. - When adjusting variable resistor VR1, the voltage sampled change, the conductivity change Q2 lamp, lamp Q1 conductivity change => resulting voltage change, VR1 is used to adjust the desired output voltage.
4.3 - Circuit Televisions domestic sources added.
Stabilizers schematic linear source in the Japanese domestic color TV sets.
- C1 is the main source filter capacitor diode bridge rectifier.
- C2 is the output filter capacitor linear source circuit.
- Bridge potentiometer R4, VR1, R5 generate voltage U LM sampling
- R2 and Dz create standard voltage Uc
- R3 between Q3 and Q2 contacts, R1 bias for Q1 output lamp
- Resistor R6 is cloned, the output resistor is large.
- Q3 is light compared and amplified voltage error detector
- Wrong voltage detection amplifier
- Q1 output lamp source
- => Source work in voltage range can be changed at 10%, the output voltage is always fixed.
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