Wednesday 6 May 2015

Basics concept : Electromagnetic fields

1 - The concept of magnetic field.

* Magnets and magnetic.
In nature there are some substances that can absorb iron called natural magnets.
In one test compound steel or steel to form artificial magnets.
Magnets always have two poles is the northernmost North (N) and south pole South (S), if cut into 2 bar magnet, we again get two new magnet has two poles N and S - the magnet undivided nature ..
Magnets usually used to produce electrodynamic speakers, microphones or DC motors.

* Magnetic field
The magnetic field is the region of space around a magnet transmissions from nature to the magnetic material, a magnetic field is a set of power lines going from north to south pole.
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* The intensity of the magnetic field
As quantities characterizing the magnetic field intensity, denoted H unit is A / m
* The magnetic induction
As quantities characterizing magnetic material is affected by the magnetic field, the magnetic induction depends on the material. Iron VD from the Council felt several times stronger. Inductance is calculated by formula
B = μ.H


In which B is the magnetic induction
μ: is the permeability
Q: What is the magnetic field strength
* From the information
As the field lines pass through a unit area, the flux rate with the magnetic field technology.
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* Application of permanent magnets.
Permanent magnets are applied in many electronic devices, they are used to produce speakers, microphone and DC motor types.
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2 - From the fields of electrical current through the wire straight.
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Experiments show that when external switch is closed, current through a light bulb as light bulbs and electric current through a wire creates a magnetic field to deflect a compass needle.
When reverse currents, we see the magnetic needle deflection in the opposite direction, so reverse current will generate a magnetic field reversal as well.
2. From the school of electrical current through the coil.

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  • When we give a current flows through the coil, the coil inside a magnetic field appears as parallel lines, if the coil cores are replaced with steel core, the magnetic core focus on steel and steel core becomes a male electromagnet, if we change its direction, the magnetic field is changing direction


  • Fixed direct current passes through the coil creates a magnetic field fixed electric current passes through the coil changes will generate varying magnetic field.


  • Varying magnetic field is characterized by a will generate the induced voltage on the windings located in areas affected by the magnetic field, the magnetic field does not have fixed characteristics.


  • Application:
    Magnetic fields generated by the coil has many practical applications, an application that I frequent in electronic devices such as electromagnetic relays.

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Electromagnetic Relays

When the current flows through the coil, the coil cores become an attraction magnet and iron bars closed switch, the effect of the relay is to use a small electric current to closed-circuit control for much larger currents times.


3. Electromagnetism
If there is a conductor placed in a magnetic field, when the current flows through the wire with a thrust => electromagnetic force that is, if the conductor to converge as they will move in a magnetic field, this principle is when production applications electrodynamic speaker.
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The principle of operation of the speakers (Speaker)

Coils are tied with diaphragm and placed in a strong magnetic field between the two poles of the magnet, the core S pole, N pole is part around, when the alternating current flowing through the coil, under the effect of electromagnetic forces coil will move, motion speed of the coil depends on the frequency of alternating current, moving coil speaker is trying to make diaphragm membrane motion, if motion in frequencies> 20 Hz us will create sound waves in the frequency range of frequencies the human ear.


4. The electromagnetic induction.
Electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon of induced voltage appearance of the coil is placed in a magnetic field.
For example, a coil wrapped around a steel core, while the alternating current flowing through, on a steel core appear varying magnetic field, if we wrap up with a different coil steel cores, the two new coil induced voltage appears. Themselves coil current flows through also generated induced voltage and reverse direction with its direction to enter.

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